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Brazil
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infoGeneral informationkeyboard_arrow_up
- Country common name: Brazil
- Country official name: Federative Republic of Brazil (Republica Federativa do Brasil)
- Continent: South America
- 3-Letter abbreviation: BRA
- 2-Letter abbreviation: BR
- Capital: Brasilia
- Major cities: 22.043 million Sao Paulo, 13.458 million Rio de Janeiro, 6.084 million Belo Horizonte, 4.646 million BRASILIA (capital), 4.137 million Porto Alegre, 4.127 million Recife
- Currency: Real (click for current conversion rates)
- Languages: Portuguese (official and most widely spoken language)
- Motto: "Order and progress" ("Ordem e progresso")
- National holiday(s): Independence Day, 7 September (1822)
flagGovernmentkeyboard_arrow_up- Chief of state: President Luiz Inacio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023); Vice President Geraldo José Rodrigues ALCKMIN Filho (since 1 January 2023); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- Head of government: President Luiz Inacio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023); Vice President Geraldo José Rodrigues ALCKMIN Filho (since 1 January 2023)
- Government type: federal presidential republic
insert_photoCountry notes & photographskeyboard_arrow_up{"ops":[{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Brazil"},{"insert":" (Portuguese: "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"Brasil"},{"insert":"; Brazilian Portuguese:[b?a?ziw]), officially the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Federative Republic of Brazil"},{"insert":" (Portuguese: "},{"attributes":{"alt":"About this sound","height":"11","width":"11","link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pt-br-Rep%C3%BAblica_Federativa_do_Brasil.ogg"},"insert":{"image":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png"}},{"attributes":{"italic":true,"link":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Pt-br-Rep%C3%BAblica_Federativa_do_Brasil.ogg"},"insert":"Republica Federativa do Brasil"},{"insert":"), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At 8.5Â million square kilometers (3.2Â million square miles) and with over 211 million people, Brazil is the world's "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"fifth-largest country by area"},{"insert":" and the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"sixth most populous"},{"insert":". Its capital is "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Brasilia"},{"insert":", and its most populous city is "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Sao Paulo"},{"insert":". The federation is composed of the union of the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"26 states"},{"insert":" and the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Federal District"},{"insert":". It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas; it is also one of the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"most multicultural and ethnically diverse"},{"insert":" nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world; as well as the most populous Roman Catholic-majority country.\n\nBounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 kilometers (4,655 miles). It borders all other countries in South America except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47.3% of the continent's land area. Its Amazon basin includes a vast tropical forest, home to diverse wildlife, a variety of ecological systems, and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats. This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 mega-diverse countries, and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection.\n\nBrazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing in "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"1500"},{"insert":" of explorer "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Pedro Ãlvares Cabra"},{"insert":"l, who claimed the area for the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Portuguese Empire"},{"insert":". Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"1808"},{"insert":" when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. In "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"1815"},{"insert":", the colony was elevated to the rank of "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"kingdom "},{"insert":"upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves. Independence was achieved in 1822 with the creation of the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Empire of Brazil"},{"insert":", a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. The ratification of the first constitution in 1824 led to the formation of a bicameral legislature, now called the National Congress. The country became a "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"presidential republic"},{"insert":" in "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"1889"},{"insert":" following a military coup d'état. An authoritarian military junta came to power in 1964 and ruled until 1985, after which civilian governance resumed. Brazil's current constitution, formulated in 1988, defines it as a "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"democratic federal republic"},{"insert":". Due to its rich culture and history, the country ranks thirteenth in the world by number of "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"UNESCO World Heritage Sites"},{"insert":".\n\nBrazil is classified as an "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"upper-middle income economy"},{"insert":" by the "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"World Bank"},{"insert":" and a newly industrialized country, with the largest share of global wealth in Latin America. It is considered an advanced emerging economy, having the twelfth largest GDP in the world by nominal, and eighth by PPP measures. It is one of the world's major breadbaskets, being the largest producer of coffee for the last 150 years. Brazil is a regional power and sometimes considered a great or a middle power in international affairs. On account of its international recognition and influence, the country is subsequently classified as an "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"emerging power"},{"insert":" and a potential superpower by several analysts. Brazil is a founding member of the "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"United Nations"},{"insert":", the "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"G20"},{"insert":", "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"BRICS, Mercosul, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States"},{"insert":" and the "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"Community of Portuguese Language Countries"},{"insert":".\n\nBrazil underwent more than a half century of populist and military government until 1985, when the military regime peacefully ceded power to civilian rulers. Brazil continues to pursue industrial and agricultural growth and development of its interior. Having successfully weathered a period of global financial difficulty in the late 20th century, Brazil was seen as one of the world's strongest emerging markets and a contributor to global growth. The awarding of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and 2016 Summer Olympic Games, the first ever to be held in South America, was seen as symbolic of the country's rise. However, from about 2013 to 2016, Brazil was plagued by a sagging economy, high unemployment, and high inflation, only emerging from recession in 2017. Former President Dilma ROUSSEFF (2011-2016) was removed from office in 2016 by Congress for having committed impeachable acts against Brazil's budgetary laws, and her vice president, Michel TEMER, served the remainder of her second term. In October 2018, Jair BOLSONARO won the presidency with 55 percent of the vote and assumed office on 1 January 2019. On 1 January 2023 the newly-elected president "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Luiz Inacio LULA da Silva"},{"insert":" assumed the highest office.\n"}]}terrainGeographic informationkeyboard_arrow_up- Surface area (in km²): 8,515,770
- Highest point: Pico da Neblina 2,994 m
- Neighboring countries: Argentina 1263 km, Bolivia 3403 km, Colombia 1790 km, French Guiana 649 km, Guyana 1308 km, Paraguay 1371 km, Peru 2659 km, Suriname 515 km, Uruguay 1050 km, Venezuela 2137 km
- Neighboring seas and oceans: Atlantic Ocean
- Climate: mostly tropical, but temperate in south
radioRadio stationskeyboard_arrow_upsupervised_user_circlePopulationkeyboard_arrow_up- Population: 211,715,973
- Population density (inhabitants per km²): 24.9
- Average age (in years): 33.2
- Life expectancy at birth (in years): 74.7
- Ethnicity: white 47.7%, mulatto (mixed white and black) 43.1%, black 7.6%, Asian 1.1%, indigenous 0.4%
- Gross domestic product (GDP) per inhabitant (in US dollars): 15,600
- Cultural practices: Street markets (feira) are a popular feature in all areas of Brazil. They offer a wide selection of unique foods. Coxinha (ko-sheen-ya), a type of minced chicken [croquettes], is especially popular.
local_diningPopular food & drinkskeyboard_arrow_up{"ops":[{"insert":"Barbecued meat is a Brazilian specialty. "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Picanha (rump)"},{"insert":" is the most popular cut and it is seasoned with only salt before it's cooked to perfection. The thick layer of fat on a"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":" grilled picanha"},{"insert":" is charred and the tender, pink, smokey middle falls apart in your mouth. Picanha is one of the highlights you'll find at a "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Brazilian barbecue"},{"insert":" but there plenty of others including "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"wild boar"},{"insert":" and "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"chicken hearts"},{"insert":".\n"}]}
{"ops":[{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Moqueca"},{"insert":" is delicious"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":" fish stew"},{"insert":" which is served piping hot in a clay pot. There are various regional variations of the dish but the basic ingredients are "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"fish, shrimp, tomatoes, onions, "},{"insert":"and"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":" coriander"},{"insert":". In some places coconut milk is used to make the sauce creamier. There are two neighboring states, "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Baianos and Capixabas"},{"insert":" which both claim the recipe to have invented the dish (both serve delicious versions).\n"}]}
{"ops":[{"insert":"The "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"brigadeiro"},{"insert":" is a traditional Brazilian dessert, created by a confectioner from Rio de Janeiro, Heloisa Nabuco de Oliveira. It is made of condensed milk, cocoa powder, butter, and chocolate sprinkles covering the outside layer. It is a popular confection throughout the country, especially for "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"festive events"},{"insert":". Brigadeiros are commonly made at home, and also found in bakeries and snack shops. A brigadeiro is generally shaped into small balls covered in chocolate sprinkles and placed in a small cupcake liner. The mixture may also be poured into a small container, and eaten with a spoon, and this is known as a "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"brigadeiro de colher"},{"insert":" (literally, \"spoon brigadeiro\"). In recent years, flavor and coating variations on the traditional chocolate brigadeiros have become popular.\n"}]}
{"ops":[{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Cachaça"},{"insert":" (pronounced kah-SHAH-sah) is a distilled spirit made from fermented "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"sugarcane juice"},{"insert":". Also known as "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"pinga"},{"insert":", "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"caninha"},{"insert":", and other names, it is the most popular spirit among distilled alcoholic beverages in Brazil. Outside Brazil, cachaça is used almost exclusively as an ingredient in tropical drinks, with the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"caipirinha "},{"insert":"being the most famous cocktail. In Brazil, caipirinha is often paired with the dish "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"feijoada"},{"insert":".\n"}]}
local_post_officePostage stampskeyboard_arrow_up{"ops":[{"insert":"Brazil was the second country in the world, after Great Britain, to issue postage stamps valid within the entire country (as opposed to a local issue). Like Great Britain's first stamps, the design does not include the country name.The "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"first stamps"},{"insert":" of Brazil were issued on 1 August "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"1843"},{"insert":" and are known as "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"\"Bull's Eyes\""},{"insert":" due to their distinctive appearance."},{"attributes":{"script":"super","link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Brazil#cite_note-sg-1"},"insert":"["},{"insert":" On 1 July 1844 a new series was issued which is known as the "},{"attributes":{"italic":true},"insert":"slanted numeral"},{"insert":" series. Subsequent stamps were in a similar format until the first pictorial stamps were issued in 1866 depicting Emperor Dom Pedro II. \n"}]}
{"ops":[{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"1969"},{"insert":" Brazil's commemorative stamp, celebrating "},{"attributes":{"bold":true,"link":"https://cyberspace23.com/quote.php?type=name&id=265&cat=Quote%20of%20the%20Week"},"insert":"Pele's"},{"insert":" landmark 1,000th goal. Regarded as one of the greatest football (soccer) players of all time, he was among the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"most successful and popular sports figures"},{"insert":" of the 20th century. During his playing days, Pele was for a period the best-paid athlete in the world.\n"}]}
{"ops":[{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"2019"},{"insert":" commemorative stamp featuring the South Africa president "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Nelson Mendela"},{"insert":". Mandela, who died in 2013 at age 95. Mendela spent 27 years in apartheid prisons before being elected president of South Africa in 1994 and unifying his country with a message of reconciliation after the end of white minority rule. The "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Rio neighborhood that bears his name"},{"insert":" was originally made up of 500 homes built to relocate residents living in a dangerous part of a nearby slum. Today, more than 10,000 people live here.\n"}]}
{"ops":[{"insert":"This "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"2020 "},{"insert":"commemorative stamp from the "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Combat COVID-19"},{"insert":" campaign features "},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"health professionals"},{"insert":" who are in the first line of defense against the disese that has devistated Brazil.\n"}]}
tap_and_playTelephone & Internet communicationkeyboard_arrow_up- Country international telephone code: +55
- Local emergency telephone number(s): 911
- Internet code: .br
- Number of Internet users: 194,841,218
- Percentage of Internet-connected population: 92.0%
gradeAlso useful to knowkeyboard_arrow_up- Vaccinations: An International Certificate of Vaccination for yellow fever is required for travelers arriving from countries with a risk of yellow fever transmission and for travelers having transited through the airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission. For recommendations please refer to the World Health Organization (WHO), or the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) websites.
- Potable/drinkable water: Opt for bottled water.
- International driving permit: Suggested; additionally, if you plan to drive in Brazil, you will need an Inter-American Driving Permit issued by the AAA
- Road driving side: Right
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Electricity/Voltage/Plug type(s):
127 V / others 220 V 60 Hz / plug type(s): C, N
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